HANOI, February 23, 2016—A new report recommending steps to
help lift Vietnam to upper-middle-income status in two decades suggests
that Vietnam build a more competitive private sector, support smart
urbanization, promote innovation, and take advantage of increasing trade
opportunities to enact broad structural reforms.
The Vietnam 2035 report, prepared jointly by the Government of
Vietnam and the World Bank Group, lays out key reforms for the
lower-middle income country to grow its economy, become more equitable,
and put in place modern governance over the next 20 years. Reaching the
ambitious goal of upper-middle-income status would require Vietnam to
grow at least 7 percent per year, raising the average income level to
over $7,000 – or $18,000 in purchasing-power parity terms – by 2035,
compared with $2,052 – or $5,370 in PPP terms– in 2014.
“In the last 30 years, Vietnam has become one of the world’s great
development success stories, rising from the ranks of the poorest
countries. On the strength of a nearly 7 percent average growth rate and
targeted government policies, tens of millions of people have lifted
themselves out of extreme poverty,” said World Bank Group President Jim Yong Kim.
Kim said that the Vietnam 2035 report,...
with inputs from
international and Vietnamese experts, reflects Vietnam’s aspirations of
becoming a modern, industrialized nation within a generation.
“Improvements in productivity, environmental protection and
economic innovation can help Vietnam maintain high levels of growth. It
will be critically important to remove barriers that exclude
marginalized groups and deliver quality public services to an aging and
urbanizing middle-class,” Kim said. “The report recommends
that Vietnam build modern and more transparent institutions – those
steps will help the country meet its ambitious goals.”
The agreement to work on the joint report was made in Hanoi
between Prime Minister Nguyễn Tấn Dũng and Kim in July 2014. The report
was produced by a joint team from the Ministry of Planning and
Investment, the World Bank Group, and external experts from Vietnam.
“Our country is at a turning point of reform and development. We face significant opportunities, but also big challenges. To reach our goal of a becoming a prosperous, creative, equal and democratic Vietnam, our only choice is to implement the reforms recommended by the Vietnam 2035 report. Without these reforms it will be hard for us to avoid falling into the middle income trap and lagging behind. We see these reforms as a continuation of the historic Doi Moi reform process and we believe current and future generations of Vietnamese people have the will, determination, courage and capacity to successfully implement these changes” said Minister of Planning and Investment Bui Quang Vinh.
The report focuses on three areas: improving productivity and private-sector competitiveness; promoting equity and social inclusion; and improving public sector effectiveness.
Improving Productivity and Private-Sector Competitiveness
The report recommends Vietnam take steps to strengthen the economy and financial sector, with a focus on more effective regulation, protection of property rights and enforcement of competition policies. It suggests that Vietnam consider new policies and investments supporting the growth of industries linked to global supply chains, along with smarter use of major international trade agreements like the Trans-Pacific Partnership. Improvements to the agriculture sector – which employs nearly half the nation’s workforce – as well as stronger environmental protections and better planning for clean energy generation are also recommended.
Promoting Equity and Social Inclusion
The report says that Vietnam can continue fostering social inclusion and equality by providing greater access to opportunities for minorities, people with disabilities and women, and providing services to an aging, urbanizing and middle-class society. Though Vietnam has made impressive progress on the inclusion agenda, ethnic minorities comprise half of the country’s poor despite being only 15 percent of its population.
Bolstering the state’s effectiveness
The report recommends governance improvements to help boost accountability and transparency, and ensure Vietnam has strong institutions to keep pace with the country’s rapid development. The report suggests adopting a more unified government structure that more clearly defines the economic functions of the state, reduces its role in direct production, clarifies boundaries between the private and public sphere, and employs and promotes staff based on merit. Another recommendation calls for Vietnam to strengthen state accountability by ensuring checks and balances between the three branches of government and creating opportunities for citizen feedback on public service delivery.
“Our country is at a turning point of reform and development. We face significant opportunities, but also big challenges. To reach our goal of a becoming a prosperous, creative, equal and democratic Vietnam, our only choice is to implement the reforms recommended by the Vietnam 2035 report. Without these reforms it will be hard for us to avoid falling into the middle income trap and lagging behind. We see these reforms as a continuation of the historic Doi Moi reform process and we believe current and future generations of Vietnamese people have the will, determination, courage and capacity to successfully implement these changes” said Minister of Planning and Investment Bui Quang Vinh.
The report focuses on three areas: improving productivity and private-sector competitiveness; promoting equity and social inclusion; and improving public sector effectiveness.
Improving Productivity and Private-Sector Competitiveness
The report recommends Vietnam take steps to strengthen the economy and financial sector, with a focus on more effective regulation, protection of property rights and enforcement of competition policies. It suggests that Vietnam consider new policies and investments supporting the growth of industries linked to global supply chains, along with smarter use of major international trade agreements like the Trans-Pacific Partnership. Improvements to the agriculture sector – which employs nearly half the nation’s workforce – as well as stronger environmental protections and better planning for clean energy generation are also recommended.
Promoting Equity and Social Inclusion
The report says that Vietnam can continue fostering social inclusion and equality by providing greater access to opportunities for minorities, people with disabilities and women, and providing services to an aging, urbanizing and middle-class society. Though Vietnam has made impressive progress on the inclusion agenda, ethnic minorities comprise half of the country’s poor despite being only 15 percent of its population.
Bolstering the state’s effectiveness
The report recommends governance improvements to help boost accountability and transparency, and ensure Vietnam has strong institutions to keep pace with the country’s rapid development. The report suggests adopting a more unified government structure that more clearly defines the economic functions of the state, reduces its role in direct production, clarifies boundaries between the private and public sphere, and employs and promotes staff based on merit. Another recommendation calls for Vietnam to strengthen state accountability by ensuring checks and balances between the three branches of government and creating opportunities for citizen feedback on public service delivery.
